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新概念英语第三册Lesson1重点句型解析
1、Where must the puma have come from?
Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America.
在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果(和中文不同) 英文擅长用长句，中文擅长用短句。
-- Pandas are large cat-like animals which are found in Asia. (panda n.熊猫)
cat-like 猫一样的, 偷偷摸摸的 / dog-like 狗一样的 / life-like 栩栩如生的
2、When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.
一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词的后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把 谓语动词放到从句之前
1> 定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰
-- 定语从句的引导词：
-- 指人：主语 who;宾语 who, whom;定语 whose
-- 指物：that(也可以指人)/ which
-- 时间状语：when / 地点状语：where / 原因状语：why
2> 同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容
-- 同位语从句的引导词：
-- 名词(做主语、宾语等)：关系词用 that 而不是 which
-- 时间：when; 地点：where
-- 定语从句中没有 what 这个关系词，但 what 可以引导同位语从句
-- An idea came to her that she might do the experiment in another way.
-- I have no idea what has happened to him。
3、they were not taken seriously(they指代reports)
take sth seriously = deal with sth seriously 认真地对待某事
-- I always take your suggestions seriously.
take sth lightly 草率地对待某事 (lightly adv.轻率地)
-- Don’t take the hot potato lightly (hot potato n.棘手的问题)
4、However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the desc riptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
However adv.然而(起转折作用)
As 连词：随着, 当...之时
过去分词做定语：
-- the desc riptions given by people
-- the story told by the sailor (n.海员, 水手, 船员)
-- a book written by Luxun
claim to have done sth 声称曾经做过某事
-- He claimed to have been the manager of the large shop.
5、The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw "a large cat" only five yards away from her.
Where a woman picking… 定语从句
-- I still remember the school where I studied English.
6、It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered.
Confirm = be sure = be certain (confirm vt.确定)
Unless it is cornered = if it is not cornered (unless conj.如果不, 除非)
-- He will accept the job unless the salary is too low.
7、The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.
search = hunt
Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. 把某物留在后面：leave behind
-- Wherever he went, the wound left behind him a trail of blood.(n.血)
8、Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. 英文表达方式习惯用被动语态, 突出客观事实。而中文则善于运用动作的执行者。
puma fur was found clinging to bushes. (被动)
We found the puma fur clinging to bushes. (主动)
-- clinging to bushes 是现在分词短语做宾补
9、Several people complained of "cat-like noises" at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree.
complain of/about sth 抱怨某事
on+名词：强调动作正在进行
-- on the rise 在上升 / on the increase 在增加
-- on the watch 在观看 / on the match 在比赛中
-- on the fishing trip 在钓鱼的途中 / on holiday 在度假
10、The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from?
Fully(adv.充分地, 完全地)= completely = entirely
11、As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.
sth be in the possession of sb = sth be in sb"s possession 某物归某人所有(主语是物)
-- The beautiful car is in my possession.= The beautiful car is in the possession of me. Sb be in possession of sth 某人拥有某物(主语是人)
-- I am in possession of the beautiful car.(in possession of… 做表语)
-- The person in possession of the big house is excited. (in possession of… 做定语) take possession of… 拥有…
12、The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught.
Went on = lasted (last vi.继续, 持续)
It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.
It is disturbing to think that... 一想到…就心理不安
-- It is disturbing to think that I fail my examination
in the quiet countryside 在宁静的山村
新概念英语第三册Lesson2重点句型解析
1、Was the vicar pleased that the clock was striking? Why?
Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired.
现在进行时和 always 等频度副词搭配时：表示说话人带有某种的情感色彩
Tom is always doing homework. 汤姆总是做家庭作业，怎么也做不完。
Tom always does his homework. 汤姆总是做家庭作业，不拖欠作业。
He is always making noises. 他总是吵吵闹闹，真烦人。
one or another：表示这样或那样
-- for one reason or another 处于这样或那样的原因
-- at one time or another 在这样或那样的时间
-- in one way or another 用这样或那样的方法
get enough money to do sth 募集足够的资金做某事
-- I have to get enough money to have my house repaired.
have something done
1>找某人来做某事 -- have the church clock repaired
-- have the plane repaired / -- have hair cut
2>某人所遭受到的意外某种情况(主语必须是发出动作的人)
-- His wallet was stolen. → He had his wallet stolen.
2、The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.
used to：过去常常做，而现在不再发生的事情了。
-- He used to smoke every day.
3、One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: the clock was striking the hours!
However -- 在口语中, 主要用于句首;在作文中, 好用在句中、句尾。 要用逗号分隔开来
-- He said that it was so, he was mistaken, however.
He said that it was so, however, he was mistaken.
他说这件事就是如此，然而他弄错了。
-- I know his story, however, I wouldn"t like to tell you.
I know his story, I, however, wouldn"t like to tell you.
However = Nevertheless (adv. conj.) = Nonetheless (adv.)
Start n.vt.惊跳, 惊起
-- The noise made him started(v.).
-- What a start(n.) you give me. / -- he stood up with a start(n.).
4、Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o"clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped.
before：...才
-- Nearly a week passed before she could explain what had happened to her.
5、Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on.
Armed with a torch... 过去分词
Looking at his watch… 现在分词 分词做状语/定语的时候，一定要注意它和逻辑主语要呼应一致
6、In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins , our local grocer.
in the torchlight 在手电筒光下 / in the moonlight 在月光下
in the sunshine 在太阳光下 / in the candlelight 在烛光下
非正式用语中 whom 可以省略掉
recognized somebody as… 认出某人是…
regard somebody as 认为某人是 / think of somebody as 认为某人是
treat somebody as 把某人对待为 / have on somebody as 把某人尊敬为
7、"Whatever are you doing up here Bill?" asked the vicar in surprise.
Whatever 中的 ever 用来加强语气
8、"I"m trying to repair the bell," answered Bill. "I"ve been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise."
night after night 一夜连着一夜
day after day 一天又一天 / year after year 一年又一年
week after week 一周又一周 / bus after bus 一辆车接着一辆车
9、"You certainly did give me a surprise!" said the vicar.
肯定句中常用 do, did, does 加强语气和情感色彩(一定要位于动词原形之前)
-- You do like nice today. 你今天看上去确实很不错。
-- I do like you.
10、"You"ve probably woken up everyone in the village as well.
as well 用在句尾相当于 too, 主要用于肯定句中, 但比 too 所表达的语意更优秀。
-- You looked nice yesterday and you look beautiful as well today.
11、Still, I"m glad the bell is working again."
still 用于句首, 用逗号分隔开来, 表达一个转折的关系：虽然如此, 但是
12、‘That"s the trouble, vicar,’ answered Bill.
"It"s working all right, but I"m afraid that at one o"clock it will strike thirteen times and there"s nothing I can do about it."
There is nothing I can do about it = I am at a lose what to do(at a loss adv.困惑)
13、‘We"ll get used to that, Bill,’ said the vicar.
"Thirteen is not as good as one, but it"s better than nothing. Now let"s go downstairs and have a cup of tea."
get used to / be used to / be accustomed to / get accustomed to 都表示习惯于
get 强调渐近的过程, be 强调习惯了的状态
新概念英语第三册Lesson3重点句型解析
1、How did the archaeologists knowthat the statue was a goddess?
Some time ago, an interestingdiscovery was made by archaeologists on theAegeanisland of Kea.
some time 1>经过若干时间 2>在未来的某时
sometime adv.在某一时候,曾经, 有一天
sometimes adv.不时, 有时中文习惯用主动语态。
英文习惯用被动语态。以事件、结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述。
An American team explored a temple which standsin an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini.
which引导定语从句，修饰限定temple。(which = that)
stand(不及物) = lie(不及物) 位于
=situate(及物) 使位于, 使处于
=locate(及物) 使...坐落于, 位于
whichstands in... = which lies in… = which is located in… = which is situated in... Stand 1>身高 2>表示高高坐落于, 矗立于
-- She stands 1.75m. 她身高1.75 米
--Agreattree stands on the mount. 一棵大树竖立在山上。
2、The city at one time must havebeen prosperous,forit enjoyed a high level of civilization.
for引导原因状语从句：对主句的附加说明和解释，提供更多的信息。
because 引导原因状语从句：强调原因。
--The daybroke for the birds weresinging.
at one time 表达曾经,一度(过去时态的标志, = once)
must have been 对过去事实肯定的推测
enjoyed a high level of civilization 享有高度文明
3、Houses -- often three storeys high -- were built of stone.They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls.
With… 具有…
-- a young manwith broad shoulders / an old lady with black hairbeautifullydecorated过去分词做定语
-- a beautifullydressed lady衣着漂亮的女士
-- a deserted car park 废弃的停车场
-- a whitepainted door 被刷成白色的门
现在分词做定语, 被修饰词与修饰词之间为逻辑主动关系
-- a boyclimbing the tree 正在爬树的男孩
-- the students reading in the room正在房间里读书的学生
4、The city was equipped with a drainage system, fora great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.
be equipped with 配备, 装备 (equip vt.装备, 配备)
air conditioning 空气调节装置 / airconditioner 空气调节机, 空调设备
--The car wasequipped with air conditioning.for引导原因状语从句
在正下方：Beneath = under
-- beneath the narrowstreets = under the narrowstreets
-- He is standing under/beneath the umbrella.
在进行中：只能用under
-- under control 控制之中 / under discussion 讨论之中 / underrepairs 修理之中
below在下方(强调在斜下方)
-- She is sitting belowthe window
5、The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times.
be used as / be used to be 把…用作为
--The box was used as a desk in the small village school.
--The woodenbox was used as a bookcase.
be used to do 被用来做…
--The woodenbox is used to contain books
6、In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found.Each of these representeda goddess and had, at one time, been painted.
represent vt.代表
-- I represent all the classmates.
7、The body of onestatue was found among remainsdating from the fifteenth centuryB.C.
dating 现在分词, 修饰remains
date from=date back to (开始于…, 起始于…)
--The customdating from1990.(custom n.习惯, 风俗)
--The tradition dates fromthe timewhen his grandfather was young.
--The castle dates fromthe 14th century. =The castledates back to the 14th century.
城堡建造于14 世纪
8、Its missing head happened to be among remainsof the fifth century B.C.
happen to 偶然, 碰巧(强调事情的偶然发生)
-- I happen to havedriven that kind of car. 我恰巧开过那种车。
-- He happened to find the ticket in hispocket.
It happens that +从句
-- It happened that I met her on my way to work.
= I happened to meet heron my way work.happenon 碰巧碰上
-- I happened on thisold picture in the back of the drawer.
我偶然的在抽屉的背面发现了这张旧照片。
-- Guess, whodid I happen on while I was in London last month?
9、This head must have been found in Classicaltimes and carefully preserved.It was very old and precious even then.
When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be avery modern-looking woman.
Reconstruct = put together,piece together, restore(vt.恢复, 使回复)
Amazed = very muchsurprised
surprised > astonished> amazed > astounded 感到惊讶(语气递增)
to find... / to discover... / to realize... / to see…
-- I"mnotsurprised to see you here
1> turn out…(表示结果)结果是, 原来是 (= prove, 都表示系动词)
turn out (to be)+n./adj.
--The concert turned out to be a failure.
-- Our party turned out (to be) a success. 我们的聚会非常的成功。
2> It turned out + that从句 (it 作形式主语)
It turned out +其它名词从句
-- It turned out thatthe diamonds had been in the bankall the time.
原来钻石一直都在银行里保存着。
-- It turned out thathis statement was false. 原来他的话是假的。
3> as it turns out… 后来人们发现…
--Asit turned out, there was no need to worry. 后来人们发现, 没有必要担心。
--Asit turned out, the report was mistaken. 后来人们发现, 报告被弄错了
10、She stood three feet high and her hands rested on herhips.
rest on v.被搁在, 停留在, 信赖
= depend on(依靠, 依赖)/ leanon(靠着)
-- His hand rested lightlyon myshoulder
11、She was wearinga full-length skirt which swept the ground.
which sweptthe ground 近一步说明拖地的，拽地的
12、Despite hergreat age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologistshave been unable to discoverheridentity.
But, so far, the archaeologists have been unableto discover her identity.
= It is still aproblemfor the archaeologists up tonow. Despite= in spite of(两者都是介词)，后面+ 名词/动名词 so far, up to now完成时的标志
discover her identity= find out her identity